Mechanistic study of preparation of drug/polymer/surfactant ternary hot extrudates to obtain small and stable drug nanocrystal suspensions.

We studied optimized conditions for preparing ternary hot extrudates (HEs) of glibenclamide (GLB)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/sodium dodecyl sulfate to generate stable nanocrystal suspensions following aqueous dispersion. Raman and solid-state NMR measurements of ternary HEs prepared by altering HE conditions revealed that GLB crystallinity in HEs reduced with increased extrusion temperature and count and decreased screw speed. Aqueous dispersions of all HEs temporarily formed GLB nanoparticles with a diameter of 75-420 nm. The suspension from the HEs with the low GLB crystallinity (<22%) precipitated after 4-h storage, while the HEs with the high GLB crystallinity (>22%) formed stable nanocrystal suspension. Interestingly, the number of GLB nanoparticles <150  nm was different despite aqueous dispersion of HEs with similar GLB crystallinity, reflecting the different GLB crystalline size in those HEs. Although both the crushing by shear force and GLB dissolution into PVP reduced GLB crystalline size, the crushing GLB crystal by the shear force has a relatively high ability to decrease GLB crystalline size without excess amorphization of GLB. Performing the hot extrusion at a low temperature, a high screw speed, and maximizing extrusion count with GLB crystallinity >22% led to formation of small and stable nanocrystal suspensions.

Cost-effective production of protein by using cellulose-binding domain fusion tag in Corynebacterium glutamicum / 生物工程学报

The CBD gene from Trichoderma reesei was cloned into the Corynebacterium glutamicum secretion expression vector pXMJ19-sp, in which green fluorescent protein was inserted to obtain pXMJ19-sp-GFP-CBD. After induced by 0.5 mmol/L IPTG, GFP-CBD was expressed in Corynebacterium glutamicum at high level of 200 mg/L. The GFP-CBD could be purified to high purity with cellulose column. The results indicated CBD can be successfully used in Corynebacterium glutamicum expression system and thus offer an extremely simple, effective and scalable way for production of recombinant proteins.

Clinical Analysis of Surgical Trauma between Complete Video-assisted Thoracoscopy and Traditional Open Surgery for Lung Cancer / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To compare the traumatic indicators of complete video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (c-VATS) with traditional open surgery (TOS) for lung cancer patients, and further explore the minimal invasiveness of c-VATS. Methods From January 2010 to February 2013, 45 cases with complete video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (c-VATS gurop) and 42 cases with traditional open surgery (TOS group) were compared in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, duration of chest drainage, the perioperative cytokine and immune cells (CRP,WBC,N,L),pain score and shoulder function score. Results There was no significant difference between groups in sex, age, pathological type, stage,operating time and the perioperative cytokine and immune cells (CRP, WBC, N, L) ( >0.05);Compared with TOS group, c-VATS group intraoperative blood loss was significantly reduced [(167.4±68.5) mL vs (288.6±84.0) mL, =0.000];Drainage time of TOS group was significantly longer than that of c-VATS group [(4.64±2.10) days vs (3.20±1.20) days, =0.000];The postoperative pain measurements in c-VATS group were less than that in TOS group, but the difference between groups was not significant on postoperative 1 day ( =0.542) and significant on postoperative 3 day,7 day,30 day ( = 0.034, 0.000, 0.000) . Patients activities of daily living scores at postoperative 7 day and 30 day in c-VATS group were significantly better than those in TOS group, with statistically significant differences ( =0.000,0.000) . Conclusion Whether the short-term effect or the long-term results,the VATS lung resection is better than the traditional open surgery. c-VATS resection of lung cancer is more invasive.

Diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor: an analysis of 23 cases / 国际外科学杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Methods The clinical data of patients with GISTs admitted into surgical department from July 2000 to Oct 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Rusults Twenty-three patients received operation. Twenty-one patients underwent complete tumor resection, two did laparotomy only. Among the patients 7 cases were benign ,6 potential malignant, and 10 malignant . All patients were followed-up from 10 to 72 months. Three of the patients had local recurrence and metastasis, and 5 patients died. Conclusion It was difficult the diagnosis of GISTs because of the lack of clinical feature. Endoscopy and imaging examination are main methods to detect GISTs. Final diagnosis should be based on pathology. Surgical rection is the main treatment.

Long-term efficacy of transendocardial injection of vascular endothelial growth factor into ischemic porcine myocardium / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the long-term efficacy of transendocardial injection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) into ischemic porcine myocardium.Methods Thirty pigs were divided into two groups:control group and treatment group (15 each).A angioplasty balloon was used to occlude the left anterior descending coronary arteries of the animals to reproduce a porcine myocardial ischemic model.Blank plasmid (control group) or constructed pIRES2-EGFP-hVEGF165 eukaryotic expression plasmid (treatment group) was directly injected into the ischemic myocardium through an transendocardial injection catheter of NOGA system,respectively.Before and one year after injection,left ventricular electromechanical mapping (LVEMM) was used to detect local linear shortening (LLS) and unipolar potential (UpV);M-mode local wall motion,cycle variation of integrated backscatter (CVIB) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were detected by ultrasonagraphy.One year later,the animals were sacrificed for the observation of the capillary formation in myocardial tissue with immunohistochemical staining.Results One year after injection,as compared with that of control group,local linear shortening (LLS) showed a significant increase (P0.05),and ultrasonagraphy showed better heart function in the treatment group (P